Machine for making hollow glassware.



N9. 805,027. PATENTED Nov. 21, 1905. F. W. PAWLING 0 P. n. MILLER.

MACHINE PoR MAKING H0LL0W GLASSWARE.

APPLIGATIoN FILED :Um/24. 1902.

7 sin: Ts-sHBET 1.

No. 805,027. Y PATENTED NOV. 21, 1905. F. W. PAWLING & F. R. MILLER. MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24, 1902.

7 SHEBTS-SHEBT 2.

No. 805,027. PATENTED NOV. 2l, 1905.

I. W. PAWLING n I. R. MILLER. MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARB.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. 1902.

` 7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 805,027. PATENTBD NOV. 21, 1905.

F. W. PAWLING & F. R. MLLBR. MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24, 1902.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTED NOV. 2l, 1905.

F. W. PAWLING & F. R. MILLER. MACHINE PORMAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED JULYZL, 1902.

La M

`PA'IEN'IED NOV. 2l, 1905. F. W. PAWLING & I. R. MILLER. MACHINEy FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

.APPLIGATION FILED .TULY24. 1902.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Ell L Il NQ. 805,027. I PATENTED NOV. 2l, 1905. P. W. PAWLING & I. R. MILLER.

MACHINE POB. MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARB.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24, 1902.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

ik rh UNITED STATES `PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS W PAVVLING AND FRANK R. MILLER, OF LOCKPORT, NEW YORK.

MACHINE*l FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 21, 190.5.

Application iled July 24, 1902. Serial No. 116,775.

To fl/U nih/1777, '/'f muy concern:

Be it known that we, FRANCIS W. PAWLING and FRANK R. MILLER, citizens of the United States, and residents of Lockport, in the county of Niagara and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Hollow Glassware,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine for making hollow glassware-such, for instance, as fruit-jars, bottles, &c.

The object of the invention is to provide a desirable machine for this purpose which is of simple construction and large capacity and capable of producing a practically perfect article.

The machine hereinafter described and shown in the drawings as an embodiment of the invention is designed for making fruitjars and, briefly stated, is constructed and operated as follows: A continuously-rotating frame or carriage is provided with a plurality of press and blow molds arranged in pairs of one press-mold and a companion blow-mold. A batch of molten glass is introduced into one of the press-molds, which rises verticallyA to meet a lowering press-plunger, which presses the batch of glass to make a hollow blank of the form of the press-mold, and a neck-mold or bead-ring is arranged over the press-mold and forms the external bead or lip around the mouth of the jar or article. The press-mold and plunger then separate, leaving the blank suspended from the beadring, which then swings horizontally to carry the blank into the open blow-mold. The latter, which consists of separable sections, then closes, and the article is blown, after which the bead-ring, which also consists of separable sections, opens and moves away from the blow-mold, leaving the finished article in the blow-mold. The article remains in the blow-mold until the glass has cooled sulficiently for it to properly set, after which the blow-mold opens and the article is removed by an attendant. All of the above operations are performed automatically during the continuous movement of the rotary carriage, and the operations are so timed that a batch of molten glass is introduced into a press-mold at one point in the rotation of the carriage and the completed article taken from the companion blow-mold just before the carriage makes one complete revolution and the press-mold arrives at the point to receive another batch of glass. The glass is introduced into the press-molds and the finished articles taken' from the blow-molds in succession.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting' of seven sheets, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation through the machine on line 1 1, Fig. 2, showing a blank being pressed in the press-mold at the left-hand side of the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the machine. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section thereof, partly in plan, in line 3 3, Fig. 1.' Fig. 4 is a horizontal section thereof, partly in plan, in line 4 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a plan view, partly in section, on an enlarged scale, of the mechanism for turning the crane carrying the bead-ring. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation thereof. Fig. 7 is an inverted plan View of the cam and rockshaft for lowering the bead-ring and blowpipe on the blow-mold. Fig. 8 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 9 is an enlarged plan view, partly in section, of the mechanism for opening and closing the blow-mold and the beadring. Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail sectional elevation of the cams and inner ends of the rods for opening and closing the blow-mold and bead-ring. Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of one of the mechanisms for rotating` the crank for operating the press-mold. Fig. 12 is an enlarged plan view, partly in section, of the gear for rotating the carriage and track for operating the clutch mechanism. Fig. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional elevation thereof. Fig. 14 is a fragmentary elevation showing one of the press-molds and plungers and blow-molds, the press-mold and plunger being together in the act of pressing a blank. Fig. 14a is a fragmentary elevation of a blow-mold and bead-ring, showing' the position of the parts before the bead-ring is lowered on the blow-mold. Fig. 15 is aview similar to Fig. 14, showing the press-mold and plunger separated and the parts in the position occupied when the jar is being blown. Fig. 16 is an enlarged horizontal section in line 16 16, Fig. 15, through the yoke carrying the press-mold and the guides therefor. Fig. 17 is a horizontal section, on an enlarged scale, in line 17 17, Fig. 15, through the yoke-operating gears. Fig. 18 is an enlarged detail elevation of the regulating device for preventing excessive pressure of the blank. Fig. 19 is a plan view, partly in section, thereof. Fig. 2O is a vertical section in line 20 20, Fig. 18. Fig. 21 is an enlarged vertical section th rough the blow-mold, bead-ring, bead-ring-operating wedge and associated parts. Fig. 22 is a IOO IIO

section through the operating mechanism for opening and closing the bead-ring in line 22 22, Fig. 21. Fig. 23 is an enlarged sectional detail view through the mechanism for opening and closing the bead-ring, showing the bead-ring open. Fig. 24 is an enlarged plan view, partly in section, of the bead-ring and means for opening and closing the same. Fig. 25 is a sectional view through the beadring in line 25 25, Fig. 24. Fig. 26 is an enlarged vertical section through the pressmold and plunger in line 26 26, Fig. 14.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

In the machine shown in the-drawings six sets of press and blow molds with their coperating press plungers, bead rings, blowpipes, and operating mechanisms are employed; but the machine may be provided with a greater or less number of' sets, or only a part of the sets may be operated, if desired.

A represents a stationary bed or support of any suitable construction for the machine, and a an upright stationary shaft or axle for the rotary frame or carriage which supports the moldsl and various cooperating parts of the machine. The carriage shown in the drawings comprises a lower horizontal wheel or plate B, a horizontal mold-table B above the latter, and a top table or horizontal support B2 above the mold-table. These parts are connected rigidly together by vertical standards between the wheel and mold-table and Vertical standards b between the mold-table and the top table or support. The standards may be of any suitable form and are securely bolted or otherwise secured to the wheel and tables. The upright shaft a projects loosely through central bearing-openings in the wheel and tables, so that the frame can rotate about it. The table is rotatably supported on the bed by suitable means, such as gear-wheels C, which are looselyjournaled on radial shafts c, which are journaled in suitable bearings o on the horizontal frame-wheel and roll on a circular toothed rack or gear-rim c2, fixed on the top of the stationary bed.

The mechanism shown for rotating the carriage, Figs. 4, 12, and 13, comprises a powershaft D, provided with a bevel gear-wheel d, which meshes with a bevel gear-wheel d', secured to a vertical shaft d2, mounted in a suitable bearing supported on the bed. The vertical shaft Z2 is provided with a gear-pinion d3, which meshes with gear-teeth d* on the periphery of the frame-wheel B. Any other preferred means may be provided for rotating the frame.

E represents the press-molds, which are arranged at equidistant points around the r0- tary carriage. Each mold is in the form of a solid open-topped cup or vessel and is removably retained in a holder e, which is secured to a vertically-movable head or slide e', Figs. 1, 14 to 17, which is mounted to slide `the adjacent standard b.

in suitable vertical guides or ways e2, provided on the standards connecting the framewheel and mold-table. The head is reciprocated to raise and lower the mold by suitable mechanism,`preferably constructed as follows: e3 represents a pitman or yoke which is connected at its upper end to the mold-head by a yielding connection which maybe formed by a spring @4, located in a socket in the moldhead and resting at its lower end on an adjustable collar or nut @50u the pitman. The pitman isprovided at its lower end with a transversely-slotted yoke e6, which is guided in ways e7 on the standards b. A crank-wheel es, secured to the outer end of one of the radial shafts c, is provided with a wrist-pin e9, which projects into the slot of the pitmanyoke and is preferably provided with an antifriction-roller. When the crank-wheel is rotated, the pitman will be reciprocated and raise and lower the press-mold. el", Figs. 1 and 26, represents an adjustable stop, such as a screw carried by the press-mold head and adapted to engage a lug or projection en on When the head is raised, the screw engages the lug before the pitman completes its stroke. y rIhe spring is thus compressed and the press mold is held up against the lug in pressing position for a period of time during the completion of the upward stroke of the pitman and the first portion of its downward stroke. In order to rotate the crank-wheel and raise the press-mold once in one revolution of the carriage and at the proper time to raise the mold to press the blank, each shaft c is provided with a suitable clutch mechanism for locking it to its gear-wheel C. The clutch mechanism shown is constructed as follows, Figs. 1, 4, 11, and 12: F represents a movable clutch member which is splined on the shaft c, so as to rotate therewith and be capable of longitudinal movement on the shaft. The clutch member is provided with teeth or projections adapted to engage in corresponding notches in the adjacent face of the gearwheel C. Each clutch is provided with an operating-lever G, which is divided intermediate of its ends and engages loosely in a circular groove in the hub of the clutch member. The upper end of the lever engages loosely in a hole in a block g, provided with stems g', sliding in bearings formed on a bracket g2, which projects inwardly from the adjacent standard A spring g3 surrounds the outer stem and abuts at one end against an end collar or nut g4 on the stem and at the other end against the fixed stem-bearing and tends to move the block g2 and upper end of the clutchlever outward to throw the movable clutch IOO IIO

member into engagement with the gear-wheel C. The lower end of each clutch-lever is preferably provided with an antifriction-roller, which is adapted to bear against a circular track H, Figs. 1, 4, 12, and 13, on the top of the stationary bed. The track is broken or open at two points /L '/z. The portion of the track between the breaks is provided with an inwardly -inclined forward end h2, and the other track portion has an outwardly-inclined forward end 713. 1n the rotation of the -carriage, which turns from right to left, as indicated by the arrows, Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the spring holds the block connected to the upper end of the clutch-lever out against its outer bearing, in which position the roller on' the lower end of the clutch-lever is held inside of the main portion of the cam-track. When the roller engages the inwardly-inclined end h2 ofthe track, the lower end of the lever is thrown outward and the movable clutch member moved toward the gear-wheel until its projections engage the raised portions of the gearwheel. As the lower end of the lever continues to move outward the lever fulcrums on the movable clutch member, so thatits upper end is thrown in and the spring compressed. When the notches in theinner face of the gearwheel are brought opposite to the teeth on the movable clutch member in the rotation of the gear-wheel, the spring throws the movable clutch outward, projecting the teeth into the notches in the gear-wheel. The shaft c and crank-wheel es will then turn with the gearwheel and make one complete revolution, at the completion of which the roller on the lower end of the clutch-lever will engage the outwardlyinclined portion /t of the circular track and be moved inwardly, disengaging the clutch member from the gear-wheel. The crank-wheel e8 thus only makes one revolution in one revolution of the carriage, elevating and returning the press-mold, and remains at rest dur-ing the remainder of the revolution of the carriage. The inwardly-inclined track portion 7a2 is preferably hinged and provided with means for swinging it to close the forward break /i in the track, so as to prevent the operation of any desired press-mold when expedient or necessary forany reason. For this purpose the track portion 7a2 is provided with a pin h4, Fig. 13, which projects down through a slot in the bed and is connected by a link h5 to an operating-lever lf. By swinging lthe lever the track portion 7b2 can be set at an inward inclination or in line with the circular portions of the track. Any other suitable means may be used for shifting the track portion 2,and if, necessary, a device may be employed for locking it in either position.

I represents the press-plungers. There is one plunger for each press-mold arranged over the same and mounted on the carriage to move toward and from the press-mold. The

plunger is carried at the lower end of a plunger-rod z', which is guided at its lower end in a bearing-opening z" in the top table and at its upper end in a bearing on a bracket 2, rising from the top table. The plunger is bolted or otherwise detachably secured to the lower end of its rod in any suitable manner. Each plunger is reciprocated by mechanism preferably constructed as follows: The plunger-rod is provided between its bearings with a cross head or bar 3, Figs. l, 14, and l5, to which are connected the upper ends of vertical operating-rods c, which extend downwardly through openings in the top table and are fixed'at their lower ends to vertical rack-bars 5, which are guided in the vertical guides e7 on the standards 5, on opposite sides of the operating-pitman for the press-mold. i represents gear-pinions journaled on stud-shafts projecting from the standard and arranged one between each rack-bar and the pitman and meshing with rack-teeth on the bars and pitman. When the pitman is moved by its operating-crank, it rotates the gear-pinions, and the rack-bars and press-plunger connected thereto are moved o'ppositely to the pressmold, so that the mold and plunger meet approximately half-way between their normal separated positions. Thus without increasing the speed of the parts or hurrying the pressing operation it only requires half of the time which would otherwise be necessary for pressing the blank.

The cross head or bar s is preferably connected with the plunger-rod through the medium of the yielding pressure-regulating device shown in Figsll, 18, 19, and 20, and which is as follows: J represents a collar which is secured in any suitable manner to the plunger-rod beneath the cross head or bar. 7' represents a pair of links pivoted at their lower ends to one side of the collar J, and j" represents a second pair of links similarly pivoted to the' opposite side of the collar. The pairs of links project at an upward inclination from the collar toward the outer ends of the cross-head 3. pair of links are connected by a pintle jy', on which, between the links, is journaled a roller f3, which bears on the under side of the crosshead. The opposite ends of the pintles are connected by coiled springs ji on opposite sides of the plunger-rod, which draw the upper ends of the pairs of links toward each other and hold the cross-head up against a collar f, fixed on the plunger rod above the cross-head. Normally the links occupy the position shown, which is at an angle somewhat less than forty-five degrees to the vertical, and when the cross-head is drawn downwardly by its operating rack-bars, as

before explained, it bears on the rollers at the upper ends of the links and spreads the links apart, thus straining the springs. When the plunger encounters the glass in the pressmold, it forces the same up into and fills the, space in the mold around the plunger, when the latter will be arrested; but the cross-head is permitted to continue its downward movement with the rack-bars until the latter complete their downward stroke, in doing which IOO The upper ends of each IIO the cross-head bears on the rollers of the regulating device and spreads the links, thus straining the springs jf. The pressure on the plunger-rod increases slightly until the links reach a predetermined inclination, dependent upon the strength of the springssay approximately a position of forty-five degrees to the vertical-after which in their continued downward movement, although the springs are further strained, the downward pressure on the plunger-rod gradually decreases. By reason of the regulating device described if too large a batch of glass is placed in the press-mold the glass is not subjected to excessive pres'su re, and the fracturing of the mouth of the jar, which is so frequently done in automatic machines, is avoided. The springregulating device and the spring connection before described between the press-mold and its operating-pitman enables the plunger to contact with the glass and press the same to the form of the press-mold, while the mold-head is held by its spring up against the stop-lug e and before the operating crank and pitman for the mold and plunger reach the end of their' strokes. The mold and plunger remain together in pressing relation for a period of time while the press-mold-operating pitman and its crank are completing their upward movement. The spring for the mold holds the latter stationary against the stop-lug at the commencement of the downstrokc of the pitman, and as the crank-and-pitman movement for operating the press-mold and plunger causes the Aparts to move very slowly at the beginning of their movement away from each other the tearing or rupture of the blank is avoided. 'Vhile the coperating stops on the mold-head and standard are preferred, they are not absolutely essential.

A companion blow mold and operating vmechanism therefor is provided for each press mold. The blow molds K are supported by and arranged equidistant around the mold-table, one adjacent to each pressmold. Each blow-mold, Figs. 3, 9, and 2l, is formed of two separable hinged sections which swing toward and from each other in a horizontal plane on a block 7e', which is arranged on the mold-table and has its upper face fashioned to form the bottom of the jar. The hinged sections of the blow-mold shownin the drawings are internally shaped to form the side walls of the jar and the screw-threaded portion of the neck. The blow-mold may, however, be shaped to form the body only of the jar, and the entire neck of the jar may be formed by a neck-mold, which can be substituted for the bead-ringhereinafterdescribed. Each swinging mold-section is provided with an arm 7e adjacent toits hinge, and these arms are connected by a toggle-joint 7:12, composed oflinks pivoted at their outer -ends to the arms and at their inner ends to each other. 7c3 represents a rod which is pivoted at its outer end to the joint of the toggle-links and extends radially of the mold-table, being preferably provided at its inner end with a roller which is adapted to engage a cam 7c, fixed to the upright shaft or axle above the mold-table. The cam is substantially semicircular, havingl inclined front and rear ends 7J 7d. The rod is moved inward by a spring 767, secured at one end to the rod and at the other end to a iixed part in the mold-table. The rod is preferably pivoted near its inner end to one end of a link 778, the other end of which is pivoted to a bearingblock on the mold-table and is guided at its outer portion between antifriction-rollers 709, journaled on pins rising from the mold-table. Then the roller on the rod is not in engagement with its cam, the spring moves it inward, the toggle-links are drawn inwardly, and the mold-sections swung apartor the mold opened. When in the rotation of the mold-table the roller on the inner end of the rod engages the forward inclined end of its operating-cam` the rod is moved outwardly, and the toggle-joint straightened, which moves the blow-mold sections together to close the mold. The movement of the rod is sufficient to throw the toggle-links to or beyond the dead-center position, which lies in a line connecting the joints of the links with the arms on the mold-sections when the' latter are closed. The blowmold is thus held positively closed, and the cam and antifriction-roller on the end of the rod are relieved from any thrust due to the air-pressure in the jar in the blow-mold tending to separate the mold-sections. The parts are therefore relieved from considerable wear and friction. The blow mold is retained close-d while the roller on the operating-rod travels around the circular portion of the operating-cam. When the roller reaches the inclined rear end of the cam, the spring forces it inwardly, the toggle-joint is broken, and the mold-sections separated.

L represents the blowpipe, of which there is one for each blow-mold, suspended on the rotary carriage over its blow-mold. The blowpipe is hollow and is provided at its lower end with a blow-head adapted to rest on and form a tight joint with the bead-ring when the latter is on the blow-mold. Each blowpipe passes loosely through a bearing Z in the top table or support and through a bearing-plate Z', suspended by rods Z2, depending from the top table. The blowppe is provided between its bearings with a fixed collar Z3 and surrounding the blowpipe between the collar and the bearing-plate is a coiled spring, which abuts at its upper end against the fixed collar and at its lower end against a loose thrust-collar 7*, which is supported by balls on the bearingplate 7. The spring normally holds the blow- 4pipe up in the position shown in Fig. 14C.

IOO

IIO

the top table and the bearing-plate n a colltop ofthe bead-ring, as shown in Fig. 26, and

jar and support the pressed blank when the press mold recedes and until the blank is moved into the blow-mold. A bead-ring and operating mechanism therefor is provided for each press-mold and its companion blow-mold. The bead-ring is composed of separable sections or halves m, which are provided in their opposing faces wi-th semicircular bead molding or forming recesses m. The bead-ring instead of forming only the small mouth-lip may be constructed to form the threaded portion of the neck of the jar. The bead-ring sections are mounted to move toward and from each other on separated parallel arms m2, which project horizontally7 from a crane N, which is capable of a horizontal swinging and vertical movement. The crane is carried by a tubular crane-shaft n, which loosely' surrounds-one of the vertical operating-rods connected tothe cross-head of the press-plunger. The tubular cran e-shaft n extends loosely through an opening in the top table or support and through a bearing-plate a, which is suspended beneath the top table by depending rods or hangers a2. The crane-shaft lnl has fixed thereto between lar as, and between the collar and the bearingplate is a coiled sp1-ingu, which surrounds the crane-shaft and abuts at its upper end against the collar and at its lower end against a thrust-collar a5, supported by balls on top of the bearing-plate. The spring ai tends to elevate the crane. The lower end of the tubular crane-shaft passes through and is steadied or guided by a bearing a, secured to the moldtable. Vhen the press-mold and plunger approach each other to press the blank, the beadring stands between them and the press-mold abuts against the under side of the bead-ring, the plunger passing down through the beadring. Each plunger is provided with a plunger-ring O for completing the press-mold and shaping the end of the neck or mouth when the blank is pressed. The plunger-ring'should fit the plunger quite snugly to prevent the formation of a fin on the mouth of the jar, and in order to prevent the plunger-ring from cutting or marring the plunger and forming an imperfect jar it is necessary to hold the plunger-ring squarely and firmly on the beadring while the plunger continues its movement into the press-mold. To accomplish this, the plunger-ring is secured to a hollow cylindrical head 0, which slidably surrounds a cylindrical head 03 on the plunger-stem and is held down yieldingly by a coiled spring 02, which surrounds the plunger-stem and abuts at its upper end against a collar on the latter and at its lower end against the hollow head. l/Vhen the plunger enters the press-mold, the plunger-ring is held by its spring firmly on the described sliding engagement of the ring with the plunger prevents any lateral play or i tilting of the plunger-ring.

After the pressl' mold and plunger have left the blank, which is supported by its bead in the bead-ring, the crane is swung' to carry the blank into the blowmold. y

The mechanism shown for swinging the crane to carry the blank into the blow-mold is constructed as follows, Figs. 2, 6, and 21: On the upper end of the tubular craneshaft is fixed a pinion p, which meshes with a segment P and which is pivoted at p on a stud rising from the top plate or support of the carriage. The inner end of the segment has a laterally-projecting armipz, which is preferably provided with an antifrictionroller, which bears on the periphery of a camdisk p3, fixed on the central upright shaft of the machine above the top table or support. The cam is provided with two segmental circular portions of different diameter, which are connected by inclined or cam portions p4 p5. In the rotation of the carriage the roller at the end of the segment-arm travels around on the edge of the cam-disk p3, and when it reaches the forward inclined portion pL the segment is swung on its pivot and its gearteeth meshing with the gear-wheel on the tubular crane-shaft turns the latter and holds it in the position to which it is turned, while the segment-roller remains on the salient portion of Vthe cam-disk. When the segment-roller rides downon the I other inclined portion p5 of the cam-disk, the segment is permitted to return to its normalposition, which is accomplished by a spring p6, connected at one end to the segment and at the other end to asuitable fixed part of the carriage. The throw of the segment is preferably made adjustable. For this purpose the lateral arm p2 of the segment is pivoted to the segment and is held stationary by abrace-rod p7, which is pivoted at one end to the outer portion of the arm and at the other end passes through an eye or lug 298 on the segment, the brace-rod being held in adjusted positions by means of jamnuts screwed on the rod on opposite sides of said lug.

Itis necessary to accurately center the beadring on the blow-mold, and for this purpose the blow-mold is provided with a raised annular flange'g, adapted to engage in a corresponding depression or socket in the bottom of the bead-ring. When the bead-ring is swung horizontally by the crane to carry the blank into the blow-mold, the bead-ring is on a horizontal plane somewhat abve the top of the blow-mold, as indicated in Fign 14, in order to enable the bead-ring to pass over the fiange on the top of the blow-mold. After' the bead-ring has been positioned over the blow-mold it is lowered until it rests on the top of the blow-mold. It is also necessary to lower the blowpipe L onto the top of the bead-ring after the latter has been lowered on top of the blow-mold. The mechanism shown for lowering the bead-ring and blow- IOO IIS

pipe is constructed as follows, Figs. 1, 2, 5 to 8, and 2l:

The cam-disk p3 for operating the crane-actuating segments is provided on its under side with a cam rib or iiange Q, which extends for a portion of a circle concentric with the aXis of rotation of the carriage, has an inclined forward end and a stepped rear end.

q represents a rock-shaft which is journaled in suitable bearings q2 on the top table or support of the carriage and extends radially thereof. The inner end of the rock-shaft is provided with a rock-arm g3, preferably provided at its outer end with an antifriction-roller which rolls on the under face of the cam-disk @sin the rotation of the carriage and is adapted to be depressed and rock the rock-shaft when the roller engages the depending cam-rib Q. The outer end of the rock-shaft is provided with a rock-arm gf, which is connected by a link Q5 to a lever rf between the ends thereof. One end of the lever is bifurcated and is pivoted on a collar Q7, Fig. 21, loosely supported on the gear-wheel g? on the upper end of the tubular crane-shaft. The other end of the lever rests upon and is pivotally connected to the upper end of the blowpipe L. When the cam-rib depresses the rock-arm g3, the rockshaft g is rocked and the lever q is moved downwardly and carries down with itthe crane and blowpipe. The tension of the springs which support the crane and the blowpipe and the relative length of the arms of the lever q are so proportioned that when the rock-shaftis rocked and the link g5 drawn downwardly the crane will be first lowered to drop the beadring on the blow-mold, and after the beadring is arrested the blowpipe will move down and bear tightly on the top of the bead-ring. When the rock-arm passes off of the highest part of the cam to the step at the rear end thereof, the blowpipe will be first lifted slightly off of the bead-ring before the latter is opened and moved up olf from the blowmold. After the bead-ring is opened the rockarm g3 passes off of the step of the cam-rib, and the further movement of the rock-shaft permits the crane to be lifted by its spring. After the jar is blown the blowpipe is raised off of the bead-ring, as described, so as not to bind the same, and the bead-ring is then opened to release the jar and leave it in the blowmold.

The mechanism shown for separating the bead-ring sections is constructed as follows, (see Figs. 21 to 25:) rr represent slide-blocks which are mounted to slide on the supportingarms for the bead-ring sections. The block r is connected to the adjacent bead-ring section by tubes rfi, which are screw-threaded into sockets in the bead-ring section and block for adjusting the position of these parts relative to each other. The other slide-block r and other bead-ring section are connected by rods r3, which pass through `the tubes r2, to the other slide-block. These rods are also preferably connected adjustably to the bead-ring section and slide-block. R represents a cam or wedge which is loosely mounted on the tubular shaft of the crane adjacent to the operating slide-blocks for the bead-ring sections. The wedge is provided with oppositely inelined or converging slots, in which engage pins on the two slide-blocks. The pins are preferably provided with antifriction-rollers. When the -cam-head is raised, the slide-blocks are forced apart and, through their connections with the bead-ring sections, draw the latter together. The wedge is raised and lowered to open and close the bead-ringby the following means, Figs. l, 3, 9, 10, and 22: S represents a cam-track which is secured to the stationary upright shaft or axle of the machine above the mold-table and below the cam for operating the blow -mold. The cam is circular concentric with the upright shaft nearly throughout its circumference and is provided with a depressed or rentrant portion at one side thereof. S2 represents a rod which is arranged radially of the mold-table and is preferably provided at its inner end with an antifrictionroller adapted to travel on the cam-track S. The rod is connected at its outer end by a link s3, Figs. 9 and 22, to the depending arm of a bell-crank lever s4, which is pivoted at its angle on a bearing-bracket S5, which projects from a sleeve or bushing loosely surrounding the hollow crane-shaft and movably supported in the bearing for the lower end of the latter. The horizontal arm of the bell-crank lelver 84 is bifurcated and pivoted to a ring vloosely surrounding the hub of the wedge R.

The rod S2 is preferably pivoted at its inner end to one end of a link s, the other end of which is pivoted on the mold-table and is guided between antifriction-rollers 87, journaled on suitable pins rising` from the moldtable. The rod is held toward the cam S by a spring ss, one end of which is secured tothe rod and the other end to a suitable fixed part of the mold table or carriage. When the inner end of the rod s2 arrives opposite to thel `the bead-ring and before the bead-ring is raised from the blow-mold. Immediately after the bead-ring is opened the crane is elevated by its spring, as before explained.

The air-compressing mechanism for blowing the jars is constructed as follows, (see IOO IIO

Figs. l, 14, and 15:) Each press-plunger stem is provided at its upper end with a piston T, which reciprocates in an air-compressing cylinder 1f, secured to the guide-bracket for the plunger-stem. Each cylinder is connected by a flexible hose or tube z/ with the upper end of a blowpipe, preferably the one for the blow-mold which immediately precedes the press-plunger in the direction of rotation of the mold-table. t2 represents an inlet-valve for the cylinder, and 253 represents a reliefvalve to permit the escape of air in case of excessive pressure in the blowpipe and tube. When a plunger moves down to press the blank, the piston at the upper end of its stem moves downwardly in its cylinder, drawing air into the latter, and when the plunger returns or moves away from the'press-mold the air is compressed and forced through the tube and blowpipe connected thereto into the blank in the blow-mold beneath said blowpipe. The jar is blown while the carriage is rotating. This manner of blowing the jars produces excellent results. For the commencement of the blowing operation the air is at the atmospheric pressure in the cylinder and the pressure is gradually increased. The body of the jar, which requires but very little pressure, is therefore blown first and gradually, after which the screw-threaded neck, which requires a considerably greater air-pressure, is blown. This prevents the sudden expansion of the body of the jar and the consequent uneven thickness of the walls of the same, which is the usual result where the air is supplied to the jar from a compressed-air tank or reservoir.

It is desirable to jar the blow-mold slightly to loosen the glass jar in the same before the mold is opened completely in order to prevent any damage to the jar in case the glass adheres to the blow-mold. For this purpose the cam for opening and closing the blow-mold is provided near the rear end of its circular portion with one or more shallow notches U, into which the roller on the operating-rod for the blow-mold is thrown by its spring. The notches are only deep enough to permit a very slight movement of the rod, so that the moldsections are vibrated or moved from and toward each other a very slight distance one or more times. This effectually loosens the jar in the blow-mold without damage to the jar.

The gatherer introduces a-batch of molten g'lass into a press-mold E when the latter is at about the point occupied by the press-mold at the upper left-hand side of the carriage in Fig. 3, at which time the bead-ring m is closed and located over the press-mold, the blowmold K is open, the clutch F has been thrown to couple the gear-wheel C for said press-mold to its shaft and the press-mold moving upward. The press-mold is moved up against the under side of the bead-ring, and the plunger I is moved down through the bead-ring into the press-mold by the described operating mechanism. The plunger presses the molten glass, forcing it up in the press-mold and bead-ring m, which latter forms the bead or lip at the Atop of the blank. The press-mold E and plunger' I then recede or separate, leaving the blank suspended by its bead in the bead-ring, and the clutch F is thrown out of engagement with the gear-wheel C, so that the press-mold and plunger remain separated. The crane N is then turned horizontally by its operating means to swing the bead-ring from the position it occupied over the pressmold to a position vertically over the blowmold and beneath the lower end of the blowpipe L above the blow-mold. The blow-mold is open, so that the blank swings horizontally into the blow-mold through the open side thereof. The operating-rod 7c3, Fig. 3, for the blow-mold then engages the face r of its operating-cam iff, and the blow-mold is closed around the blank, after which the bead-ring is lowered on the blow-mold and the blowpipe lowered on the bead-ring in the manner described. The piston T of the cylinder if to which the blowpipe is connected is now moved up by the rising press plunger to which it is connected, compressing air in the cylinder and forcing it under pressure into the blank, blowing' the same to the internal form of the blow-mold. The blowpipe is then raised off of the bead-ring and the latter opened to release the blank and raised from the blow-mold in the manner described, after which the arm of the operating-segment P, Fig. 2, for the crane N rides down the inclined face prof the cam p3, and the segment is turned by its spring to swing the bead-ring m around horizontally over the press-mold ready for the pressing of the next blank. The finished article remains in the blow-mold until the glass has cooled sufiiciently for itto properly set or until the operating-rod 7c3 for the blow-mold engages the shallow depressionsU of the cam f, Fig. '3, which jar or vibrate the lblow-mold sections slightly and loosen the article, after which the operating-rod rides down the inclined face la of the cam and the blow-mold is opened by its spring' k7, so that the finished article can be removed by an attendant. 'As before explained, all of the above-described operations are performed automatically during the continuous rotation of the carriage and the finished article is taken from the blowmold just before its companion press-mold arrives at the charging-point. The pressmolds are charged successively, the blank rooy IIS

formed, and the article blown by repetitions of the operations recited.

le claim as our invention- 1. The combination of a press-mold and a cooperating oppositely-arranged press-plunger which are movable horizontally together in the same direction, and means for moving both said press-mold and press-plunger toward each other to press the blank while they are moving' horizontally,su bstantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a support, and means for moving the same, a coperating press-mold and press-plunger arranged opposite to each other on said support and movable therewith, and means for moving both press mold and plunger toward each other to press the blank while they are moving with said support, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of asupport, and means for rotating the same horizontally, of acoperating press mold and plunger carried by said support and movable horizontally therewith, and means for moving both said press mold and plunger vertically toward each other to press the blank while they are moving with said support, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a press-mold and a cooperating press-plunger which are movable horizontally together in the same direction, and means movable horizontally with said press mold and plunger for moving both said press mold and plunger toward each other to press the blank while they are moving horizontally, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of asupport, and means for moving the same, a coperating press-mold and press-plunger carried by and movable with said support, and means operated by the movement of said support for moving both said press mold and plunger toward each other to press the blank while they are moving with said support, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of a support, and means for moving the same, a coperating press-mold and pressplunger carried by and movable with said support, and means movable with and operated by the movement of said support for moving both said press mold and plunger toward each other to press the blank while they are movingl with said support, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of a movable support, a pressmold and coperating press-plunger mounted on said support, a wheel carried by said support and rolling on a track, and connections between said wheel and said press mold and plunger for movingI the same toward eac'n other to press the blank, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a press-mold, a coperating press-plung'er, a crank, a pitman connecting said crank and press-mold, a rack-bar connected to said press-plunger, and a gear geared to rack-teeth on said pitman and rackbar, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a movable support, a press mold, and coperating' press plunger mounted on said support, a wheel carried by said support and rolling on a track, and connections between said wheel and press-mold for moving the latter to press the blank, substantially as set forth.

l0. The combination of a movable support,

a blank-pressing mechanism carried by Asaid support, a device-operated by the movement of said support, and connections including a clutch between said device and said blankpressing mechanism, whereby the latter is Operated during a portion only of the movement of the support, substantially as set forth.

11. The combination of a movable support, a press-mold and a coperating press-plunger carried by said support, a wheel movable with said support and rolling on a track, and connections between said wheel and press-mold including a clutch, whereby the mold is operated during a portion only of the movement of said support, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination of a movable support, a press-mold and a coperating press-plunger mounted on said support, a wheel movable with said support and rolling on a track, a crank connected to said press-mold, and a clutch device for connecting said wheel to said crank, substantially as set forth. f

13. The combination of a movable support, a press-mold and a coperating press-plunger mounted on said support, a crank, connections between said crank and said press mold and plunger for oppositely moving the same, a

ywheel movable with said support and rolling on atrack, and a clutch device for coupling said wheel to said crank, substantially as set forth.

111. The combination of a movable supprt, a blank-pressing apparatus movable with said support, an operating'device, connections including a clutch between said operating device and said pressing apparatus, a clutch-operating lever movable with said support, and a part adapted to engage and move said clutchlever, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination of a movable support, a press-mold and coperating press-plunger mounted on said support, an operating device,-

vconnections between said operating device and said press-mold including a clutch, a clutcl operating lever and a part adapted to engage and move said lever, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination of a movable support, a press-mold and a coperating press-plunger carried by said support, an operating device i for said press-mold, a clutch and vconnections between said operating device and said pressmold, an operating-lever for said clutch, a fixed part adapted to engage said clutch-lever to move the same, and a spring which acts to move said clutch-lever to connect said clutch and said device, substantially as set forth.

17. The combination of a press-mold and a coperating press-plun ger which are arranged opposite to each other and are movable horizontally together in the same direction, means for supporting the blank arranged between said press mold and plunger, and mechanism for moving both said press mold and plunger toward said blank-supporting means during the horizontal movement of said press mold and plunger, substantially as set forth.

IOO

soaoav is.Y The combinati@ tf attese-mn and a cooperating press-plunger which are arranged -opposite to each other and are movable horijzontally Ytogether in the same direction, a .bead-ring arranged between said press-mold and said press-plunger for forming a bead on the blank and supporting said blank, and mechanism for moving both the press-mold against said bead-ring and moving the press- `plungerinto said press-mold duringthe horizontal movement of said press mold and plunger, substantially as set forth.

19. The combination of a horizontally-movable blank-pressing mechanism, a blow-mold movable with said pressing mechanism and adapted to open at the vertical side thereof, a rdevice for supporting the blank, and means for moving said device to carry lthe blank horizontally into the blow-mold while the latter is in'motion, substantially as set forth.

20. The combination of a frame, a movable support thereon, a press-mold and a cooperat- 'ing press-plunger carried by Said movable support, mechanism for moving said pressmold to press the blank, a blow-mold carried -by said movable support, and a device arranged on said movable support between said 'press mold and plunger for supporting the blank and moving the same horizontally into the blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

21. The combination of a blank-pressing mechanism, a blowing mechanism, and a device for supporting the blank, all of which parts are movable together in the same direction, and means for operating said supporting device to transfer the blank from the pressing mechanism to the blowing mechanism while said mechanisms are in motion, substantially as set forth.

22. rlhe combination of a movable support, a press-mold, a press-plunger carried by said movable support, mechanism for moving'said press mold and plunger toward each other, a blow-mold carried by said movable support, a bead-ring arranged between said press mold and plunger for forming a bead on the blank, and means for operating said beadring to transfer the blank from said press-mold to said blow-mold while the latter is in motion, substantially as set forth.

23. The combination of a continuouslymoving support, blank-pressing mechanism movable with said support, blowing mechanism movable with said support, and means for transferring the blank from said pressing mechanism to said blowing mechanism, substantially as set forth.

24. The combination of a continuouslymoving su pport, a cooperating press mold and plunger movable with said support, mechanism for operating said press mold and plunger to press the blank, blowing mechanism 'movable with said support, and mechanism for transferring the blank from said pressing mechanism to said blowing mechanism, subsupport mounted on said frame, a cooperating press mold and plunger movable with said support, mechanism for operating said press mold and plunger to press the blank, a blowmold movable with said support, a bead-ring arranged between said press mold and plunger for forming a bead on the blank and supporting the latter, and means for moving said bead-ring to carry the blank into said blowmold, substantially as set forth.

i 26. The combination of a horizontally-rotating support, a cooperating press mold and plunger mounted on said support, mechanism for operating said press-mold to press the blank, a blow-mold mounted on said movable support, a bead-ring for forming a bead on the blank and supporting said blank, and means for moving said bead-ring horizontally to carry said blank into the blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

27. The combination of a frame, a horizontally-movable support on said frame, a coperating press-mold and press-plunger mounted on said support and vmovable vertically, mechanism for moving said press mold and plunger, a blow-mold carried by said movable support, a bead-ring arranged between said press-mold and said plunger for forming a bead on the blank and supporting the same, and means for moving said bead-ring'horizontally to carry the blank into the blow-mold,

substantially as set forth.`

28'. The combination of a blank-pressing mechanism, a blow-mold formed of separable sections, a device for supporting the blank, means for moving said device to carry the blank horizontally into the blow-mold, and means for lowering said device on the blowmold, substantially as set forth.

29. The combination of a cooperating pressmold, and press-plunger, mechanism for moving the press-mold vertically toward said plunger, adevice arranged between said press mold and plunger for supporting the blank, a blowmold, means for moving said device horizontally over said blow-mold, andmeans for lowering said device on the blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

30. The combination of blank pressing mechanism, a device for supporting the blank, a blow-mold formed of separable sections, a blow-pipe, mechanism for moving said supporting device horizontally to carry the blank horizontally into the blow-mold, and means for lowering said supporting device on the blow-mold and said blow-pipe on said supporting device, substantially as set forth.

31. The combination of blank-pressing mechanism, a device for supporting the blank, a blow-mold, means for moving said device over said blow-mold, a blow-pipe over said IOO IIO

device, and a lever common to said device and Said blow-pipe for lowering the same toward said blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

32. The combination of a blank-pressing mechanism, a blow-mold, a cooperating blowpipe, a bead-ring composed of separable sections for forming a bead on the blank and supporting the same, mechanism for separating said bead ring sections to release the blank, and a common mechanism acting lto first lift said blow-pipe away from the beadring and then lift the bead-ring off of the blowmold, .substantially as set forth.

33. The combination of a blank-pressing mechanism, a blow-mold, a cooperating blowpipe, a bead-ring composed of separable sections for forming a bead on the blank andv supporting the same, mechanism for separating said bead ring sections to release the blank, a crane carrying said bead-ring, springs for raising said crane and blow-pipe, a lever fulcrumed on said crane and said blow-pipe, and means for operating said lever to permit said springs to raise said blow-pipe and said crane, substantially as set forth.

y3.4.f-'I`fhe-combination of a blank pressing mechanism, a blow-mold, a bead-ring for forming a bead on the blank and supporting the same, a horizontally and vertically moving crane carrying said bead-ring, mechanism for turning said crane to carry the blank from said pressing mechanism to said blowmold, a spring supportingsaid crane and acting to lift the same, and means for lowering said crane to place said bead-ring on said blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

35. The combination of a blank-pressing mechanism, abead-ring com posed of separable sections, means for supporting said sections, slide-blocks connected to said sections, a device movable at right angles to the direction of movement of said slide-blocks, and inclined faces on said device engaging portions carried by said slide-blocks, substantially as set forth.

36. The combination of a bead-ring composed of separable sections, a support on which said sections are movable from and toward each other, a shaft carrying said bead-ring support, mechanism for turning said shaft, a device movable longitudinally 'of said shaft and connected with said bead-ring sections to move the same toward and from each other, and mechanism for operating said device, substantially as set forth.

37. The combination of a mold composed of swinging sections provided with rigid arms, toggle-links pivoted to said arms and to each other, a rod connected to the joint of said toggle-links for operating said mold-sections, and means for operating said rod to throw said toggle-links into a dead-center position when said mold-sections are moved to their limit toward each other, substantially as set forth.

38. The combination of a frame, a rotary support thereon, a pressing mechanism carried by said support, a blow-mold carried by said support, and a' device carried by said support for transferring the blank from said pressing mechanism to said blow-mold, substantially as setforth.

39. The combination of a frame, a rotary support thereon, a cooperating press mold and plunger carried by said support, mechanism for operating said press mold and plunger, a blow-mold carriedby said movable support, a bead-ring carried by said movable support for forming a bead on the blank and supporting the same, and mechanism for moving said bead-ring to carry the blank from the pressing mechanism to said blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

40. The combination of a blank-pressing mechanism, means for operating the same, a blow-mold, an air-compressing apparatus operated by said pressing mechanism, and an air-supply conduit from said air-compressing apparatus to said blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

41. The combination of a cooperating press mold, and plunger, operating mechanism therefor, a blow-mold, an air-compressing apparatus connected to and operated by said press-plunger, and an air-conduit leading from said air-compressing apparatus to said blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

42. The combination of a cooperating press mold and plunger, a blowing mechanism, an air-compressing cylinder, a piston connected to and operated by said press-plunger and operating in said cylinder, and a conduit for the compressed air from said cylinder to said blowing mechanism, substantially as set forth.

43. rlhe combination ofacontinuously-movable support, a blow-mold movable with said support, an air-compressing apparatus movable with said support and connected with said blow-mold, and mechanism for operating said .aircompressing apparatus during the VVm'ovemeii'tof said support, substantially as set forth.

44. The combination of a movable support, a blank-pressing mechanism movable with said support, a blow-mold movable with said support, an air-compressing apparatus movable with said support, operative connections between said air-compressing apparatus and pressing mechanism whereby the former is operated by the latter, and an air-conduit connecting said air-compressing apparatus and said blow-mold, substantially as set forth.

45. The combination of a movable support, acoperating press mold and plunger movable With said support, mechanism for operating said plunger during the movement of said support, a cylinder movable with said support, a piston operated by said plunger and working in said cylinder, a blow-mold movable with said support, and an air-conduit from said IOC ISO

cylinder to said blow-mold, substantially as set forth. 4

46. The combination of a cooperating press mold and plunger, movable operating means for one of said parts, a lever connected to said part and which is acted upon by said operating means to move said part, one or more springs which oppose the yielding movement of said' lever, said spring and lever vacting to decrease the pressure of said operating means on said part after a predetermined pressure is reached, substantially as set forth.

47. The combination of a press-mold, a cooperating press-plunger, movable operating means for said plunger, a lever connected to said plunger and which is acted upon by said operating means to move said plunger, one or more springs which oppose the yielding movement of said lever, said springs and lever acting to decrease the pressure of said operating means on said Aplunger after a predetermined pressure is reached, substantially as set forth.

48. The combination of acoperating press mold andv plunger, a head loosely connected with said plunger,means for movingsaid head, links piv'oted to said plunger and carrying parts engaging with said head, and one or more springs connecting said links, substantially as set forth.

49. The combination of a coperating press mold and plunger, a head movably connected with said plunger, means for moving said head, diverging links pivoted to said plunger, and carrying at their outer ends rollers engaging said head, and one or more springs connecting the outer ends of said links and acting to move the same toward each other, substantially as set forth.

50. The combination of a press-mold and a cooperating plunger, a plunger-rod to which the plunger is secured, a plunger-ring loosely surrounding the plunger, a hollow head carry* ing said ring and slidably mounted on said plunger-rod, means inclosed by said hollow head for guiding the latter, and a coiled spring surrounding the plunger rod and acting against said hollow head, substantially as set forth.

51. The combination of a mold composed of separable sections, means for opening the mold to discharge the molded article, and means for causing a slight movement of the mold-sections from and toward each other toloosen the article in the mold before the latter is opened to discharge the article,substantially as set forth.

52. The combination of a mold composed of separable sections, a cam, and operative connections between said cam and mold for opening the latter to discharge the molded article, said cam having an uneven portion for causing a slight movement of the mold-sections from and toward each other to loosen the molded article in the mold before the latter is opened to discharge the article, substantially as set forth.

lWitness our hands this 26th day of June,

FRANCIS W. PAWLING. FRANK R. MILLER. Witnesses:

GEO. E. ENNIsoN, JNO. J. BONNER. 

